Magnetic Drive Coupling & Mixers

Amar has been a pioneer and largest manufacturer of zero leakage magnetic drive coupling & mixer for high pressure applications in India for more than two decades.  Almost any stirred pressure reactor requires a seal arrangement so that the rotating shaft can penetrate the reactor walls without any leakage of reactor contents or the ingress of outside air (for vacuum reactors). Historically this sort of dynamic seal was achieved with shaft seals of various types. Single mechanical seals, double mechanical seals, stuffing boxes etc. provided these arrangements. However, all of these had their downsides of fast wear and tear and other maintenance related issues.

The invention of the magnetic drive or magnetic coupling for lab reactors is attributed to the work of German engineer Siegfried Rosenkranz. He developed the concept of the magnetic coupling in the early 1940s while working for the Heraeus company in Germany. This invention marked a significant advancement in the design of laboratory equipment, particularly for reactors and stirring systems.

Magnetic couplings revolutionized the field of chemistry and chemical engineering by providing a safe and efficient means of stirring and mixing within sealed reaction vessels without the need for traditional mechanical seals. This innovation has since become a standard feature in many laboratory reactors and industrial processes, contributing to improved safety and control in various chemical applications.

The magnetic drive solves most of these problems and is a preferred arrangement today for all types of toxic or hazardous reactions. Some advantages include the ones below:

Sealed and Leak-Proof Design: Ensures a hermetic seal, preventing the escape of hazardous substances and reducing the risk of contamination.

Reduced Risk of Contamination: Eliminates the need for mechanical seals, reducing the risk of contamination and preserving reaction purity. Especially important for highly toxic or flammable reagents involved in the reactions. E.g. Hydrogenations.

Easy Maintenance: Requires minimal maintenance compared to traditional seals, reducing downtime and costs.

Chemical Compatibility: Made from chemically resistant materials, suitable for a wide range of corrosive substances.

Amar magnetic drives come as standard options on all our rotating equipment but we are also able to provide retrofits for your equipment from other vendors. Switch today to a magnetic drive and make your process development labs safer and more efficient!

  • For high pressure applications up to 700 bar pressure.
  • For high vacuum distillation in Round Bottom Flask available for 50 ml - 10,000 ltr. Reactors.
  • High torque magnetic drives from 1 to 1000 Nm.
  • Materials of SS316, Hastelloy C, Inconel, Titanium etc.
  • Compact inline motor & magnetic drive for 50 ml - 100 ltr reactors.
  • Suitable for glass/metal reactors / autoclaves / fermenters/ thin film evaporators etc.
  • Zero leakage hence zero maintenance & zero breakdown for years.
  • Very useful for long or round the clock reactions as in gland/mechanical sealing if there is any leakage midway, the whole batch may go waste.
  • Noiseless, vibration free & flexible hence overload results in coupling slippage safeguarding the motor.
  • Safe for toxic / hazardous & expensive chemicals.
  • No friction losses hence lower power consumption.
  • Retrofitting existing gland / mechanical seal with magnetic drive for reactors of any make & size

Application: Magnetic drive couplings find various applications in Pressure Reactor & Systems where the prevention of fluid leakage and the reliable transmission of torque are critical. Some specific applications include: 

  • Chemical Synthesis: For chemical synthesis procedures involving aggressive or dangerous substances, magnetic drive couplings are utilised in high-pressure reactors. They offer a trustworthy and leak-free means of transferring torque from the motor to the agitator or stirrer, guaranteeing effective mixing without the danger of fluid leakage or contamination.
  • Hydrogenation Reactions: Magnetic drive couplings are frequently employed in high-pressure reactors that are used for hydrogenation reactions. These couplings make it possible for the motor to transmit torque directly to the impeller or stirrer without the need for a mechanical seal, resulting in a tight, leak-free sealing system for handling reactive gases like hydrogen.
  • Catalytic Reactions: In high-pressure reactors for catalytic reactions where the reactor environment needs to be tightly sealed, magnetic drive couplings are used. These couplings offer a hermetic seal that keeps volatile or reactive gases from escaping while upholding the necessary pressure levels for efficient catalytic reactions.
  • Polymerization: In high-pressure polymerization reactors, such as those used to make polyethylene or polypropylene, magnetic drive couplings are used. The effectiveness of the polymerization process and the calibre of the finished polymer product are ensured by these couplings, which permit the efficient mixing of monomers, catalysts, and other additives without the danger of leakage.
  • Supercritical Fluid Extraction: Magnetic drive couplings are frequently employed in high-pressure reactors used for supercritical fluid extraction. The efficient mixing and extraction of necessary components from the supercritical fluid is made possible by these couplings, which also maintain a tight seal to ward against leaks.
  • Research and Development: In high-pressure reactors used for research and development, magnetic drive couplings are frequently used. They offer a trustworthy and leak-free technique of transmitting torque, enabling scientists and engineers to carry out tests at high pressures while keeping a regulated and sealed environment.

Amar is a leading manufacturer and exporter of High Vacuum zero leakage magnetic drive couplings or stirring for high vacuum distillation in round bottom flask (RBF) in India. The leakage of vacuum due to distillation using conventional PTFE bush/ tape results in contamination of the product. This is totally avoided by using zero leakage magnetic coupling/mixers with suitable taper/glass joints like B24, B34, B/NS29/32, B/NS45/40 etc. These couplings are cost-effective & guarantees superior product quality without any contamination. Clients can buy MG series coupling from Amar with their existing stirrer or alternately MMG series compact line vibration free motor & coupling in their existing RBF.

Model No. Static Torque Capacity For reactor Volume
Kg-cm. N-m. Standard Optional
M08 8 0.78 50 – 250 ml -
M20 20 1.96 - 50 ml – 250 ml
M40 40 3.92 500 ml – 5 ltr 500 ml – 5 ltr
M80 80 7.85 10 ltr – 25 ltr 500 ml – 5 ltr
M120 120 11.7 50 ltr – 100 ltr 5 ltr – 25 ltr
M200 200 19.6 100 – 10,000 ltr up to 30 hp motor & 300 rpm
M400 400 39.2
M600 600 58.8
M1200 1200 117.6
M2400 2400 235.2
M4800 4800 470.4
M6000 6000 588
M9600 9600 936

Note:

  • The number after the series indicates the static torque capacity in kg-cm.
  • Magnetic drives of higher torque capacity for reactors of any make can be designed on request. Drives with toque higher / lower than recommended for particular reactor size depending on motor hp / viscosities / stirrer design etc.
  • For enquiry specify the model no., material, pressure & end connection for shaft & drive.
  • Up to M80 series, models are designed for 200 bar pressure & 350 bar optional.

*M-series: Magnetic drive for metal autoclaves / reactors

Model No. Static Torque Capacity For reactor Volume
Kg-cm. N-m. Standard Optional
MM08 8 0.78 50 – 250 ml -
MM20 20 1.96 - 50 ml – 250 ml
MM40 40 3.92 500 ml – 5 ltr 500 ml – 5 ltr
MM80 80 7.85 10 ltr – 25 ltr 500 ml – 5 ltr
MM120 120 11.7 50 ltr – 100 ltr 5 ltr – 25 ltr

Note:

  • The number after the series indicates the static torque capacity in kg-cm.
  • Magnetic drives of higher torque capacity for reactors of any make can be designed on request. Drives with toque higher / lower than recommended for particular reactor size depending on motor hp / viscosities / stirrer design etc.
  • For enquiry specify the model no., material, pressure & end connection for shaft & drive.
  • Up to M80 series, models are designed for 200 bar pressure & 350 bar optional.

*MM-series: Inline motor & Magnetic drive for metal autoclaves / reactors

Model No. Static Torque Capacity For reactor Volume
Kg-cm N-m Standard Optional
MG08 8 0.78 500 ml – 10 ltr -
MG20 20 1.96 15 ltr – 30 ltr 500 ml – 10 ltr
MG40 40 3.92 35 ltr – 50 ltr 15 ltr – 30 ltr
MG80 80 7.85 55 ltr – 75 ltr 35 ltr – 50 ltr
MG120 120 11.7 80 ltr – 100 ltr 55 ltr – 75 ltr

Note :

  • The number after the series indicates the static torque capacity in kg-cm.
  • Magnetic drives of higher torque capacity for reactors of any make can be designed on request. Drives with toque higher / lower than recommended for particular reactor size depending on motor hp / viscosities / stirrer design etc.
  • For enquiry specify the model no., material, pressure & end connection for shaft & drive.
  • Up to M80 series, models are designed for 200 bar pressure & 350 bar optional.

*MG-series: Magnetic drive for glass round bottom flasks / reactors.

Model No. Static Torque Capacity For reactor Volume
Kg-cm N-m Standard Optional
MMG08 8 0.78 500 ml – 10 ltr -
MMG20 20 1.96 15 ltr – 30 ltr 500 ml – 10 ltr
MMG40 40 3.92 35 ltr – 50 ltr 15 ltr – 30 ltr
MMG80 80 7.85 55 ltr – 75 ltr 35 ltr – 50 ltr
MMG120 120 11.7 80 ltr – 100 ltr 55 ltr – 75 ltr

Note :

  • The number after the series indicates the static torque capacity in kg-cm.
  • Magnetic drives of higher torque capacity for reactors of any make can be designed on request. Drives with toque higher / lower than recommended for particular reactor size depending on motor hp / viscosities / stirrer design etc.
  • For enquiry specify the model no., material, pressure & end connection for shaft & drive.
  • Up to M80 series, models are designed for 200 bar pressure & 350 bar optional.

*MMG-series: Magnetic drive for glass round bottom flasks / reactors.

Material of Construction ( M.O.C)

All wetted parts are made from SS-316L / SS-316 as standard.
Optional: Hastelloy B/C, Titanium, Monel, Inconel, Zirconium, Tantalum, Carbon Steel, etc. for different liquids corrosive to SS-316. Other special alloys like A286, Alloy 20, duplex steel, etc. can also be offered.

Note: Amar offers all the internal & optionally external wetted pats in the same material of construction as that of body & head to give fully corrosion resistant autoclaves.

Material Selection Guide: AMAR gives recommendation for material selection for particular media, however it does not guarantee 100% corrosion resistance of a particular material to a particular corrosive media, as the same depends on various parameters like temperature, pressure, concentration, etc. of the reactions. Reactor vessels of material SS316, above 5 ltr are normally fabricated from plates. SS 316 autoclaves up to 100 ltr have lids made from rolled / forged bar stock. The material listed below may not be available in all possible sizes.

SS316 is an alloy of chromium – nickel with molybdenum which improves the corrosion resistance properties. The molybdenum in the material also elevates its strength. SS 316 / 316L both have almost the same corrosion resistance properties, the only difference is SS 316L has a low carbon stainless steel content.

SS 316 / 316L has excellent corrosion resistance to:

  • Most organic acid systems like acetic, formic, etc.
  • Ammonia & most ammonia compounds
  • Many salts except chlorides
  • Most commercial gases at moderate temperature & pressures
  • Hydrogen chloride, fluoride & chloride in scrupulously anhydrous systems

 

SS316 / 316L has poor resistance to:

  • Organic halides
  • Dilute sulfuric, phosphoric & nitric acids at high temperatures & pressures
  • Halogen acids at low temperatures & in dilute forms
  • Caustics, halogen salts, chlorides, etc.

 

Applications of SS 316 / 316L is mainly in chemical & petrochemical industry, food processing, pharmaceutical equipment, & also in marine & architectural applications.

Chemical Composition:

Element Percentage
Iron ( Fe ) 60% - 67%
Nickel ( Ni ) 9% - 12%
Chromium ( Cr ) 18% - 21%
Molybdenum ( Mo ) 2% - 3%
Carbon ( C ) 0.08%
Other:
Silicon ( Si ) 2%
Manganese ( Mn ) 1.5%

Corrosion Rating:

RATINGS - 0:Unsuitable 1:Poor to Fair 2:Fair 3:Fair to good 4:Good 5:Good to Excellent 6:Normally Excellent

Materials Non-oxidizing or reducing media Liquids Gases
Acid solutions excluding Hydrochloric, phosphoric, sulfuric Neutral solutions, e.g. many Non-oxidizing salt solutions, chlorides, sulfates Alkaline solutions Oxidizing Media Halogen & derivatives
Caustic & mild alkalis, excluding ammonium hydroxide Ammonium hydroxide & amines Acid solutions, e.g. nitric Neutral or alkaline solutions e.g. per sulfates, peroxides, chromates Pitting media, acid ferric chloride solutions Halogen Hydrogen halides, dry, e.g., dry, hydrogen chloride
Moist, e.g. chlorine below dew point Dry, e.g. fluorine above dew point
SS 316 4 5 5 6 5 6 1 0 3 2

Note: Maximum Design Temperature shall depend on the corresponding pressure requirement.

Hastelloy C22, also known as Alloy C22, is a superalloy of nickel-chromium-molybdenum with a chemical composition of nickel 56%, chromium 22% & molybdenum 13% along with a substantial amount of iron, cobalt & tungsten. Hastelloy C22 has the widest corrosion resistance & is the most widely used alloy for corrosion media.

Hastelloy C22 has excellent corrosion resistance to:

  • Variety of chloride compounds & chlorine contaminated material
  • Strong oxidizing chloride solutions such as wet chlorine & hydrochloride & sodium hypochlorite solutions
  • Concentrated hydrochloric, sulfuric & phosphoric acids.

 

Hastelloy C22 possess the following properties:

  • Hastelloy C22 is one of the most resistant metals which offers resistance to oxidizing & reducing environments, along with chlorine induced localized corrosion.
  • At elevated temperatures, Alloy C22 offers good resistance for reactions like sulfidation, oxidation & carburization.
  • It offers the possibility to cold work for higher strength levels.

 

Chemical Composition:

Element Percentage
Chromium ( Cr ) 20% -22.5%
Molybdenum ( Mo ) 12.5% - 14.5%
Tungsten ( W ) 2.5% - 3.5%
Cobalt ( Co ) 2% - 6%
Iron ( Fe ) 0.08%
Other:
Manganese ( Mn ) 0.5%
Vanadium ( V ) 0.35%
Silicon ( Si ) 0.08%
Phosphorous ( P ) 0.02%
Sulphur ( S ) 0.02%
Carbon ( C ) 0.015%

Corrosion Rating:

RATINGS - 0:Unsuitable 1:Poor to Fair 2:Fair 3:Fair to good 4:Good 5:Good to Excellent 6:Normally Excellent

Materials Non-oxidizing or reducing media Liquids Gases
Acid solutions excluding Hydrochloric, phosphoric, sulfuric Neutral solutions, e.g. many Non-oxidizing salt solutions, chlorides, sulfates Alkaline solutions Oxidizing Media Halogen & derivatives
Caustic & mild alkalis, excluding ammonium hydroxide Ammonium hydroxide & amines Acid solutions, e.g. nitric Neutral or alkaline solutions e.g. per sulfates, peroxides, chromates Pitting media, acid ferric chloride solutions Halogen Hydrogen halides, dry, e.g., dry, hydrogen chloride
Moist, e.g. chlorine below dew point Dry, e.g. fluorine above dew point
Alloy C22 5 6 5 6 4 6 5 5 4 4

Note: Maximum Design Temperature shall depend on the corresponding pressure requirement.

Hastelloy C-276, also known as Alloy C276, is a nickel-molybdenum-chromium alloy with a trace quantity of tungsten that has been reinforced by solid solution. Excellent corrosion resistance is displayed by Alloy C-276 in a number of challenging environments and media. It is ductile, readily made, and weldable, like many other nickel alloys. Most industrial applications where there are special chemical environments and other alloys have failed adopt this alloy.

Applications:

The manufacturing of pulp and paper, oil and gas, electricity generation, pharmaceutical, chemical and petrochemical processing, and waste water treatment are just a few of the industries that regularly use Hastelloy C-276. Stack liners, ducts, dampers, scrubbers, stack gas reheaters, heat exchangers, reaction vessels, evaporators, transfer pipework, and several more extremely corrosive applications are examples of end use applications.

Chemical Composition:

Element Percentage
Nickel ( Ni ) 55% - 63%
Molybdenum ( Mo ) 15% - 17%
Chromium ( Cr ) 14.5% - 16.5%
Iron ( Fe ) 4% - 7%
Carbon ( C ) 0.01%
Other:
Cobalt ( Co ) 2.5%
Tungsten ( W ) 3% - 4.5%

Corrosion Rating:

RATINGS - 0:Unsuitable 1:Poor to Fair 2:Fair 3:Fair to good 4:Good 5:Good to Excellent 6:Normally Excellent

Materials Non-oxidizing or reducing media Liquids Gases
Acid solutions excluding Hydrochloric, phosphoric, sulfuric Neutral solutions, e.g. many Non-oxidizing salt solutions, chlorides, sulfates Alkaline solutions Oxidizing Media Halogen & derivatives
Caustic & mild alkalis, excluding ammonium hydroxide Ammonium hydroxide & amines Acid solutions, e.g. nitric Neutral or alkaline solutions e.g. per sulfates, peroxides, chromates Pitting media, acid ferric chloride solutions Halogen Hydrogen halides, dry, e.g., dry, hydrogen chloride
Moist, e.g. chlorine below dew point Dry, e.g. fluorine above dew point
Alloy C276 5 6 5 6 4 6 5 5 4 4

Note: Maximum Design Temperature shall depend on the corresponding pressure requirement.

A nickel-copper alloy called Monel 400, constituting 67% Ni & 23% Cu, is resistant to salt and caustic solutions, as well as sea water and steam at high temperatures. The only way to harden Monel 400 is through cold working because it is a solid solution alloy. High strength, outstanding weldability, and strong corrosion resistance are all features of this nickel alloy.

Monel 400 offers excellent corrosion resistance to:

  • Caustic Solutions
  • Chlorinated Salts
  • Fluorine & Hydrogen Fluoride

 

Monel 400 has poor resistance to nitric acid & ammonia systems.

It has varied applications in marine engineering, chemical & hydrocarbon processing equipment, crude petroleum stills, etc.

Chemical Composition:

Element Percentage
Nickel ( Ni ) 65%
Copper ( Cu ) 30%
Aluminium ( Al ) 2.3% - 3.1%
Iron ( Fe ) 2%
Other:
Titanium ( Ti ) 0.35%-0.85%
Carbon ( C ) 0.3%

Corrosion Rating:

RATINGS - 0:Unsuitable 1:Poor to Fair 2:Fair 3:Fair to good 4:Good 5:Good to Excellent 6:Normally Excellent

Materials Non-oxidizing or reducing media Liquids Gases
Acid solutions excluding Hydrochloric, phosphoric, sulfuric Neutral solutions, e.g. many Non-oxidizing salt solutions, chlorides, sulfates Alkaline solutions Oxidizing Media Halogen & derivatives
Caustic & mild alkalis, excluding ammonium hydroxide Ammonium hydroxide & amines Acid solutions, e.g. nitric Neutral or alkaline solutions e.g. per sulfates, peroxides, chromates Pitting media, acid ferric chloride solutions Halogen Hydrogen halides, dry, e.g., dry, hydrogen chloride
Moist, e.g. chlorine below dew point Dry, e.g. fluorine above dew point
Alloy 400 5 6 6 1 0 5 1 2 6 3

Note: Maximum Design Temperature: 482°C

Inconel 600 / 625 is a nickel–chromium non-magnetic high temperature alloy that offers excellent properties of high strength & corrosion & heat resistance. Due to its high nickel concentration, the alloy is essentially impervious to chloride-ion tress-corrosion cracking and resistant to both organic and inorganic compound corrosion. Chromium offers resistance to oxidizing onditions in corrosive solutions or at high temperatures, as well as resistance to Sulphur compounds. Inconel 600 / 625 can only be strengthened and hardened through cold work; precipitation hardening is not an option. Due to INCONEL alloy 600's adaptability, it is used in a wide range of applications including temperature.

It offers excellent resistance to:

  • Caustic acids & chlorides at high temperature & pressure when sulfur compounds are present.
  • Reducing-oxidizing environment
  • Sulfur free gases
  • Very high temperature

 

Chemical Composition of Inconel 600:

Element Percentage
Nickel ( Ni ) 73% - 80%
Chromium ( Cr ) 14% - 17%
Iron ( Fe ) 2%
Carbon ( C ) 0.15%

Note: Maximum Design Temperature: 482°C

Chemical Composition of Inconel 625:

Element Percentage
Nickel ( Ni ) 58%
Chromium ( Cr ) 22% - 23%
Iron ( Fe ) 8% - 10%
Carbon ( C ) 0.15%

Corrosion Rating:

RATINGS - 0:Unsuitable 1:Poor to Fair 2:Fair 3:Fair to good 4:Good 5:Good to Excellent 6:Normally Excellent

Materials Non-oxidizing or reducing media Liquids Gases
Acid solutions excluding Hydrochloric, phosphoric, sulfuric Neutral solutions, e.g. many Non-oxidizing salt solutions, chlorides, sulfates Alkaline solutions Oxidizing Media Halogen & derivatives
Caustic & mild alkalis, excluding ammonium hydroxide Ammonium hydroxide & amines Acid solutions, e.g. nitric Neutral or alkaline solutions e.g. per sulfates, peroxides, chromates Pitting media, acid ferric chloride solutions Halogen Hydrogen halides, dry, e.g., dry, hydrogen chloride
Moist, e.g. chlorine below dew point Dry, e.g. fluorine above dew point
Alloy 600/625 3 6 6 6 3 6 1 2 5 3

Note: Maximum Design Temperature shall depend on the corresponding pressure requirement.

One of the strongest metals in use is nickel 200, a 99.6% pure nickel alloy. It has strong thermal and electrical conductivity as well as outstanding mechanical qualities. Additionally, Nickel 200 is highly resistant to corrosive environments and is simple to fabricate because to its advantageous features and chemical makeup. Nickel 200 sustains the majority of corrosive and caustic conditions, media, alkalis, and acids with exceptional durability (sulfuric, hydrochloric, hydrofluoric). Ni 200, which is applied indoors and outdoors, also has:

  • special magnetic and magneto strictive characteristics
  • high conductivities for both heat and electricity
  • Low vapor pressure and low gas content

 

It offers high resistance to:

  • Handling concentrated alkalis
  • Hot caustic environment
  • Chlorinated solvents & Phenol

 

Chemical Composition:

Element Percentage
Nickel ( Ni ) 99.4%
Iron ( Fe ) 0.4%
Carbon ( C ) 0.15%

Corrosion Rating:

RATINGS - 0:Unsuitable 1:Poor to Fair 2:Fair 3:Fair to good 4:Good 5:Good to Excellent 6:Normally Excellent

Materials Non-oxidizing or reducing media Liquids Gases
Acid solutions excluding Hydrochloric, phosphoric, sulfuric Neutral solutions, e.g. many Non-oxidizing salt solutions, chlorides, sulfates Alkaline solutions Oxidizing Media Halogen & derivatives
Caustic & mild alkalis, excluding ammonium hydroxide Ammonium hydroxide & amines Acid solutions, e.g. nitric Neutral or alkaline solutions e.g. per sulfates, peroxides, chromates Pitting media, acid ferric chloride solutions Halogen Hydrogen halides, dry, e.g., dry, hydrogen chloride
Moist, e.g. chlorine below dew point Dry, e.g. fluorine above dew point
Nickel 200 4 5 6 1 0 5 0 2 6 2

Note: Maximum Design Temperature: 316°C

Commercially pure titanium is available in grades 2 and 4 (at least 99% titanium). The chemical makeup of each grade varies somewhat, which has an impact on mechanical qualities and design potential. Both grades share a similar level of corrosion resistance. Titanium is very corrosion resistant, lightweight, and frequently outperforms stainless steels in most conditions in terms of corrosion resistance. Grade 2 is the preferred alloy for the majority of industrial applications that call for good ductility and corrosion resistance out of the four commercially pure (C.P.) titanium grades.

It has excellent corrosion resistance to:

  • Oxidizing agents such as aqua regia & other mined acids
  • Nitric acid at all concentrations except red fuming nitric acids
  • Chloride ions, ferric chloride, cupric chloride & other hot chloride solutions

 

Titanium alloys are used extensively in the medical and aerospace industries. Titanium Grade 2 is highly suited for use in the marine, chemical processing, and desalination industries due to its strength and corrosion resistance. Applications for Grade 2 titanium often include flue-gas desulphurization systems, reaction and pressure vessels, heat exchangers, liners, tubing or piping systems, oil and gas components, and many other industrial parts. Temperatures for continuous service can reach up to 800°F, and for sporadic, intermittent service, they can reach up to 1000°F.

Chemical Composition:

Element Percentage
Titanium ( Ti ) >=98.9%
Iron ( Fe ) <=0.4%
Oxygen ( O ) <=0.25%
Carbon ( C ) <=0.08%

Corrosion Rating:

RATINGS - 0:Unsuitable 1:Poor to Fair 2:Fair 3:Fair to good 4:Good 5:Good to Excellent 6:Normally Excellent

Materials Non-oxidizing or reducing media Liquids Gases
Acid solutions excluding Hydrochloric, phosphoric, sulfuric Neutral solutions, e.g. many Non-oxidizing salt solutions, chlorides, sulfates Alkaline solutions Oxidizing Media Halogen & derivatives
Caustic & mild alkalis, excluding ammonium hydroxide Ammonium hydroxide & amines Acid solutions, e.g. nitric Neutral or alkaline solutions e.g. per sulfates, peroxides, chromates Pitting media, acid ferric chloride solutions Halogen Hydrogen halides, dry, e.g., dry, hydrogen chloride
Moist, e.g. chlorine below dew point Dry, e.g. fluorine above dew point
Titanium 3 6 2 6 6 6 6 6 0 1

Note: Maximum Design Temperature: 316°C

Zirconium 702 has excellent thermal conductivity, corrosion resistant, and is inert to all organic and inorganic substances. Its qualities make it the perfect substance for corrosion-resistant process equipment. Any piece of process equipment where corrosion is a concern should be given zirconium consideration due to its long-term advantages of decreased downtime, greater life expectancy, and profitability.

Zirconium is widely recognized for its resistance to pitting and crevice corrosion as well as its immunity to stress corrosion cracking. At ambient temperature, a protective oxide layer forms on this reactive metal because of its high affinity for oxygen.

Zirconium offers excellent corrosion resistance to:

  • Reducing environments
  • All chlorides except ferric & cupric
  • Hydrochloride & sulfuric acids below 70% concentration
  • Phosphoric, nitric acids & alkaline solutions

 

It has poor resistance to oxidizing agents

Chemical Composition:

Element Percentage
Zirconium ( Zr ) 95.5%
Hafnium ( Hf ) 4.5%
Iron ( Fe ) + Chromium ( Cr ) 0.2%
Nitrogen 0.025%

Corrosion Rating:

RATINGS - 0:Unsuitable 1:Poor to Fair 2:Fair 3:Fair to good 4:Good 5:Good to Excellent 6:Normally Excellent

Materials Non-oxidizing or reducing media Liquids Gases
Acid solutions excluding Hydrochloric, phosphoric, sulfuric Neutral solutions, e.g. many Non-oxidizing salt solutions, chlorides, sulfates Alkaline solutions Oxidizing Media Halogen & derivatives
Caustic & mild alkalis, excluding ammonium hydroxide Ammonium hydroxide & amines Acid solutions, e.g. nitric Neutral or alkaline solutions e.g. per sulfates, peroxides, chromates Pitting media, acid ferric chloride solutions Halogen Hydrogen halides, dry, e.g., dry, hydrogen chloride
Moist, e.g. chlorine below dew point Dry, e.g. fluorine above dew point
Zirconium 3 6 2 6 6 6 2 6 1 6

Note: Maximum Design Temperature: 316°C

Tantalum is practically inert to many oxidizing &amp; reducing acids. It offers the best &amp; most outstanding resistance to wide variety of corrosive media including hydrochloric acid. It is attacked by hot alkalis &amp; hydrofluoric acid.

Note: Maximum Design Temperature: 371°C

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